Biography Relatively little is known for certain about Machiavelli's early life in comparison with many important figures of the Italian Renaissance the following section draws on Capponi and Vivanti He was born 3 May in Florence and at a young age became a pupil of a renowned Latin teacher, Paolo da Ronciglione. It is speculated that he attended the University of Florence, and even a cursory glance at his corpus reveals that he received an excellent humanist education. It is only with his entrance into public view, with his appointment as the Second Chancellor of the Republic of Florence, however, that we begin to acquire a full and accurate picture of his life. For the next fourteen years, Machiavelli engaged in a flurry of diplomatic activity on behalf of Florence, travelling to the major centers of Italy as well as to the royal court of France and to the imperial curia of Maximilian.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders revision IV DSM-IV describes passive-aggressive personality disorder as a "pervasive pattern of negativistic attitudes and passive resistance to demands for adequate performance in social and occupational situations.
Personality disorder includes deviation in affectivity, cognition, control over impulses and need for gratification, ways of perceiving and thinking, and inflexible, maladaptive, or otherwise dysfunctional behaviour.
There must be personal distress attributable to such behaviour. Deviation must be stable and of long duration.
Concept in different areas[ edit ] Psychology[ edit ] In psychology, passive-aggressive behavior is characterized by a habitual pattern of non-active resistance to expected work requirements, opposition, sullenness, stubbornness, and negative attitudes in response to requirements for normal performance levels expected by others.
Most frequently it occurs in the workplace, where resistance is exhibited by indirect behaviors as procrastination, forgetfulnessand purposeful inefficiency, especially in reaction to demands by authority figuresbut it can also occur in interpersonal contexts.
Workplace conflict Passive-aggressive behavior from workers and managers is damaging to team unity and productivity. In the ad for Warner's online ebook, it says: De Angelis says, "It would actually make perfect sense that those promoted to leadership positions might often be those who on the surface appear to be agreeable, diplomatic and supportive, yet who are actually dishonest, backstabbing saboteurs behind the scenes.
Menninger described soldiers who were not openly defiant but expressed their aggressiveness "by passive measures, such as pouting, stubbornness, procrastination, inefficiency, and passive obstructionism" due to what Menninger saw as an "immaturity" and a reaction to "routine military stress".Passive-aggressive behavior from workers and managers is damaging to team unity and productivity.
In the ad for Warner's online ebook, it says: "The worst case of passive-aggressive behavior involves destructive attitudes such as negativity, sullenness, resentment, procrastination, 'forgetting' to do something, chronic lateness, and intentional inefficiency.". " Other personality traits that affect work behavior: "Locus of control: "The extent to which people believe they are in control of their destinies versus believing that that what happens to them is beyond their control.
"Authoritarianism: "The degree to which a person defers to authority and accepts status differences. "Machiavellianism. Machiavellianism in the workplace is the The presence of Machiavellianism in an organisation has been positively correlated with counterproductive workplace behaviour and workplace deviance.
gaslighting and other strategies are often used to facilitate power.
Due to their shallow affect and lack of remorse or empathy and those with. Machiavellianism – duplicitous personality traits (the “good” and the “bad”) may subsequently affect the extent to which the individual is interested in other people, and why that is the case.
in the context of other entities activating important roles in the broader social network and explaining a range of human behaviour and.
The dark triad in psychology refers to the personality traits of narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy, which are called "dark" because of their malevolent qualities..
Research on the dark triad is used in applied psychology, especially within the fields of law enforcement, clinical psychology, and business ashio-midori.com scoring high on these traits are more likely to commit crimes.
Passive-aggressive behavior from workers and managers is damaging to team unity and productivity. In the ad for Warner's online ebook, it says: "The worst case of passive-aggressive behavior involves destructive attitudes such as negativity, sullenness, resentment, procrastination, 'forgetting' to do something, chronic lateness, and intentional inefficiency.".